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The Social and Economic Complexity of Ancient Jerusalem as Seen Through Choices in Lighting Oils
Authors:D. Namdar  A. Amrani  D. Ben‐Ami  M. Hagbi  N. Szanton  Y. Tchekhanovets  J. Uziel  A. Dag  B. Rosen  Y. Gadot
Affiliation:1. Institute of Earth Science, Department of Geology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel;2. Israel Antiquities Authority, Jerusalem, Israel;3. Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Israel;4. The Department of Archaeology and Near Eastern Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel‐Aviv, Israel
Abstract:This paper presents and discusses the results of residue analysis conducted on 78 ceramic lamps found in archaeological excavations in ancient Jerusalem, in an attempt to identify the types of oils used and the reasons for their preferential choice. The oil lamps chosen for the study were taken from a variety of contexts, which represent the different periods during which Jerusalem was settled and the different sectors of the city. The results of the study show that even the most mundane activity of lighting using oil held within it social and economic choices, as mirrored in the different excavation areas.
Keywords:City of David  Early Roman  lipid residue analysis  gas chromatography/mass spectrometry  oil lamps  olive oil
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