基于活动类型的郊区大型居住区居民生活空间重构——以回龙观为例

本文基于550份调查问卷和第一手的访谈资料,以北京著名的郊区大型居住区——回龙观文化居住区为研究对象,探讨了包括居住空间、工作空间、购物空间和游憩空间在内的郊区大型居住区生活空间重构的特征与机制,分析了居民生活空间重构与郊区化的关系。研究表明,近10年来,居民对远距离居住-工作空间错位有较强的承受能力,以回龙观为代表的郊区大型居住区在形成居住空间郊区化、商业和休闲空间的分散化和多中心化方面发挥了重要作用,也验证了过去10年中北京郊区化发展的高强力度。回龙观社区职能由单纯卧城向综合型社区的演变成为居民多种生活空间重构的背景,另外,不同类型的生活空间之间相互联系,某种生活空间变化往往导致另一种或几种生活空间跟随发生变化。回龙观的案例给郊区的城市规划工作带来一定的启示。

THE LIFE TIME AND SPACE RECONFIGURATION OF RESIDENTS IN LARGE COMMUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF SUBURBANIZATION: A CASE STUDY OF HUILONGGUAN

Life space, asthe projection of urban residents' activities in the dimension of space, is always changing. Numbers of suburban communities have emerged since suburbanization started in Beijing, among which there are many large ones that attract lots of attention of scholars. Compared with before, the life space of the residents in these large communities has changed dramatically. This paper divides life space into four kinds, including residential space, working one, shopping one and entertainment. Based on questionnaires and interviews of the residents in Huilongguan, a typical large community in the suburb of Beijing, the authors focus on the differences of life space between the present and ten years ago. This investigation uses the methods of quantitative analysis and qualitative one, and the perspectives of macro and micro, to study residents' daily lives. Considering that the previous studies mainly concentrate on one kind of life space, the innovation of this study is to analyze all the four kinds of life space as a whole and pay attention to a special group, i.e. suburbanites. The result shows that in recent ten years, this kind of large community plays an important role in the formation of residential suburbanization and the decentralization of leisure and shopping space. Suburbanites have the strong ability to bear the challenge of the long-distance commuting between their houses and working places. In the end of the discussion, the mechanism is discussed and suggestions to urban planning are made. When constructing a large suburb community, we should take full account of its connection with the city working clusters and public transport sites.