开发区社区居民日常活动空间研究——以北京经济技术开发区为例

基于社区问卷调查数据,从行为主义视角对北京经济技术开发区社区居民的通勤、购物、就学、就医、休闲等日常活动空间开展实证研究,刻画开发区职住分离、购物行为的空间指向性,以及居民就学、就医和休闲行为的空间分配特征。继而,基于加入空间变量的消费者效用函数,结合转型期城市空间重构背景,重点从居民需求、市场供给和政府供给相互作用的角度对开发区社区居民日常活动空间特征进行解释,并概括出其形成的综合机制模式。研究发现,距离、业态偏好、对服务设施质量的要求,以及交通方式改善带来居民需求变动,与市场供给的空间分布、政府供给的相对短缺共同影响,塑造了社区居民的日常活动空间。

A STUDY ON COMMUNITY RESIDENTS' DAILY-ACTIVITY SPACE IN BEIJING ECONOMIC-TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AREA

China is embracing an important transition period. In practice, the restructuring of urban space has become a general phenomenon. Development zone construction is one of the effective urban development approaches. Since the reform and opening up, a large number of development zones spring up from the coast to inland in Chinese cities and towns. Apart from industrial production, lots of them built residential areas, thus becoming a typical suburban community. Residents of different backgrounds live and work there. Taking Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (BDA) as a case study, this paper conducts behaviorism methodology to study daily-activity space of community residents of BDA. The research is based on first-hand questionnaire data acquired from local residents, which focuses on revealing the separation pattern of living and commuting, space-oriented types of different shopping activities, as well as the spatial distribution of education, medical care and leisure activities. This paper tries to propose a research framework of action space based on general utility function with spatial variable, which is more comprehensive than those of before. As a result, this paper thus reveals that distance, preference, demand for service quality and improvement of transportation bring about demand changes, which, together with the joint effect of spatial distribution of market supply and government supply deficit, form the daily-activity space of community residents. According to the conclusion, for both government and residents, the contradiction between production and life is especially serious in the development zones, and their relations and relative importance also change in different stages. In addition service facilities and community development now are deeper influenced by policy, information, capital and labor changes.