北京金融服务业空间格局及模式研究

利用北京行政区域界限基础地理底图及相关统计年鉴,通过GIS技术及INTERNET查询、调研等途径,将北京行政区内银行、保险、证券及其他金融服务业网点机构进行矢量化。借助区位熵、均匀度指数和空间缓冲区分析,测度北京金融服务业空间分布特征,结果显示:①北京市金融服务业,特别是保险和证券服务业主要集中在中心区和郊区内沿,空间上呈现出以金融街、中央商务区所在的中心区为核心,其他区县(政府所在地)为外围的"核心-外围"结构;②中心区内金融服务业空间布局相对均匀,三环和四环之间金融机构分布较多,与国外大都市服务业的"单中心集聚,总体扩散"区位特征基本相同;③不同类型金融机构空间布局差异较大,各金融机构总部集中在金融街布局,中国人民银行集中布局在金融街-前门广场东西路上,呈线状布局,证券在北二环和北四环之间相对集中,保险服务业相对分散。④以金融街为中心作缓冲区多边形,间隔距离为2km,做10个缓冲区,发现在0-2km内服务网点机构密度最大,6-8km和8-10km内机构数量最多。⑤金融服务业空间布局模式多样化。

STUDY ON THE SPATIAL PATTERN AND STRUCTURE OF FINANCIAL SERVICE INDUSTRY IN BEIJING

With the rapid development of finance and economic globalization, financial services become the centre of modern services economy, and play important role in economic and social development to producer services. The paper researched the spatial pattern of the financial service industry in Beijing on the basis of the Location Quotient, equitability index and buffer analysis. The results indicated that:①The financial service industry in Beijing, especially security and insurance industry, mainly happened in central area and suburban inter. It represents as the core-periphery spatial structure pattern in the whole. The central area, including the Finance Street and CBD are the core, and the other districts and counties as periphery. ②The financial service industry spatial distribution is uniform in central area. The number of the financial institution is the most between the area of Third Ring Road and Forth Ring Road in Beijing. ③The spatial distribution of the different financial institution had a large difference. ④Take the finance street as center to make buffer polygon with interval distance of 2km. It can be concluded that the greatest density of financial institution appeared in the 0-2km, the largest number of the financial institution appeared in 6-8km and 8-10km through Study and observation of these ten buffers. ⑤The layout of financial service industry in Beijing is diversification, the different kinds of banks, securities and insurance proves as different spatial structure patterns.