半层级式产业集群创新升级影响研究——基于技术权力的视角

论文以集群内部的技术权力体系为研究对象,以典型的LED半层级式制造业产业集群为案例,通过问卷调查方法,突破全球价值链的宏观视角,从集群内部权力的等级形态入手,分析技术权力对集群创新与升级的作用机制。重点分析张江LED产业集群不同发展阶段技术领导企业如何通过直接控制、制定技术标准、环节外包、技术扩散和溢出等手段,实现与地方创新升级之间的相互作用与耦合,总结出发展中国家和地区半层级式产业集群内部的技术权力关系、权力各方的相互作用机制和权力演化方向。

STUDY ON TECHNOLOGY AUTHORITY WITHIN THE SUB-CASCADING-STYLE CLUSTER AND ITS INNOVATION EVOLUTION

Focused on the technology authority system and the hierarchy within the cluster, and with the case study of LED sub-cascading-style manufacturing cluster, the paper attempts to analyze the mechanism of technology authority to cluster innovation and upgrade. It applies the methods of questionnaire survey and find a new prospective, other than the traditional macro prospective of global value chain, of cluster hierarchy pattern. The paper analyzes the interaction and coupling mechanism between Zhangjiang LED cluster technological leaders and local innovators, with core study in leaders' methods of direct control, standardization, outsource and technological spillover,and generalize the rules of cluster upgrade in advanced manufacturing industry in developing countries and regions, especially in terms of the technology authority relations, attendants'interaction and power evolution trend. The study shows that: the LED cluster in Zhangjiang Hitech Park is a typical sub-cascading-style cluster, and on evolution to the innovation-driven stage. This paper also draw the following four points through the theoretical and the empirical research: Firstly, the hierarchy of authority in developing countries and regions in the cluster is difficult to break through, which performance for the bottleneck of innovation. Secondly, in different types of industrial clusters, the technology authority has different characteristics of the power links. Thirdly, multinational companies in the semi-hierarchical cluster play a special role in innovation and upgrading, they mingled hope and fear to the host country through technology control and providing help. Fourthly, the existing evaluation index system of innovation in industry clusters think over more about indicators which include scale of cluster, investment, output value, R&D, and so on.