系统视角下的国家竞争力新模型研究

回顾了国外和国内关于国家竞争力研究的讲展,继波特的国家竞争力之后,国外相关研究开辟了新的研究内容和方向,表现为三种趋势:对波特竞争力模型的补充与质疑;寻找有效衡量竞争力的指标;研究影响国家竞争力的因素。为国家或区域的政策制定者提供服务,以便有效的提高国家竞争力,是贯穿其中的一条主线。但国内研究相对滞后,尤其是在理论模型的创新上。受波特"钻石模型"的启发,基于系统论,提出了一个新的解释国家竞争力的理论模型——"S"模型。"S"模型中竞争力主要由"功能"来体现,并建立了"要素一结构一环境一功能"竞争力分析框架,以期为提高国家竞争力(功能)提供现实的思考路径。

A NEW MODEL OF RESEARCH ON COMPETITIVENESS OF NATIONAL INDUSTRIES ON THE VIEW OF SYSTEM THEORY

Porter's national competitiveness theory was discussed widely in 1990s,especially in the economy context of globalization developing rapidly.In order to enhance national competitiveness,lots of research on it has been carried out home and abroad.The related research overseas mainly concentrates on three deepening aspects as following:supplements and doubts on Porter's competitiveness model;intensive studies on the influencing factors of national competitiveness;looking for some indicators which can be used to measure national competitiveness effectively.In the voice of doubts about competitiveness,what competitiveness is as a main thread is through the discussion.Although the notion of competitiveness itself is controversial all the time,there is still no mainstream and authoritative definition.Enlightened by diamond model,literatures about Porter's diamond model is reviewed in this article and a new theory model-"S" model-of research on competitiveness of nation's industries based on system theory is put forward.The innovation of "S" model lies in distinction between dimensions of industry competitiveness itself and its effective factors.This model contains four dimensions:industry factors,industry structure,industry environment and industry functions.Industry functions,represented by competence of development,innovation,social promotion and environmental sustainability,are the external performance of industry competitiveness which is affected mainly by industry factors,industry structure and industry environment.The strength of national industry competitiveness is the synthetic result of these elements.The competitiveness analysis frame of "factor-structure-environment-function" which is built in this article can provide some effective ways to think about enhancing national competitiveness.