北京城市老年人社区满意度研究——基于模糊评价法的分析

本文基于对北京市三个典型城市社区中老年人社区满意度的问卷调查,运用模糊评价法,对老年人的社区满意度进行案例研究。结果发现,老年人对社区社会环境较为满意,而对社区服务设施等社区物质环境不满;老年人更关注住房条件,而对社交和人际关系的关注较少。老年人特别重视的因子满意度不高,可能是导致社区满意度的综合模糊结果偏低的原因。进一步通过相关性分析和交叉表分析,从个人属性、家庭结构和所在社区类型等三个层面探讨社区满意度评价的影响因素,发现年龄低、学历高、收入高、与孙辈同住的老年人以及旧城平房社区中老年人社区满意度较高。老年人的社区满意度,将成为测度城市老年人生活品质的重要指标。

STUDY ON NEIGHBORHOOD SATISFACTION OF THE URBAN ELDERLY IN BEIJING: AN APPROACH FROM FUZZY EVALUATION

This paper focuses on evaluation on neighborhood satisfaction by fuzzy method.It selects three neighborhoods with relatively high aging rate in Beijing as the case study.The three neighborhoods selected represent typical traditional inner city neighborhood,suburban Work Unit neighborhood and suburban hybrid neighborhood respectively.It collects data by on-street questionnaire and deep interview of the elderly in these neighborhoods.Besides the personal attributes,it selects 20 evaluate factors covering the fields of housing indoor condition,neighborhood physical environment and neighborhood social environment and asks for separate evaluation of each factor in the questionnaire.Then,it also requires the rank of evaluate factors according to the relative importance subjectively.Furthermore,the housing indoor condition factors are paid more attention,while the neighborhood social environment factors are attached less importance.This paper also explores the impact factor of the neighborhood satisfaction.Generally speaking,the evaluation factors with higher satisfaction are tend to be attached less importance,while the evaluation factors with more attention are tend to be less satisfied.By correlation analysis and cross-table analysis,it shows that younger,higher education and higher income elderly tend to have higher neighbor satisfaction.It also reveals that the elderly in three-generation family and nuclear family with their grandchildren tend to have higher neighborhood satisfaction,while the elderly living alone have lowest neighborhood satisfaction.