魏晋南北朝时期北方农业的进与退

魏晋南北朝社会长期分裂对峙,但北方农业仍在向前发展：一、耕作工具和耕作技术有了大的进步,牛耕得到广泛普及,畜力耙及牵引软套都被发明出来,传统的耕一耙一耱北方旱田耕作体系形成。二、继承汉代精耕细作的传统,强调“宁可少好,不可多恶”,发展区种法,重视提高单位面积效益。三、农业中畜牧成分增加,是北方农业适应外部变化的一次重大产业结构调整,有利于农业增收和土地利用率的提高。总体看来,是进大于退。

The Advancing and Declining of Northern Agriculture During Wei Jin Nan-Bei Dynasties

Although the country was seperated into two parts in Wei Jin Nan Bei Dynasties,the northern agriculture still made constant progress.Firstly,the farming implements and cultivating technology were improved;cattle farming was popularized;the animal hauled rake and harness were invented,and the traditional plough-rake-harrow farming system for dry land was formed.Secondly,the good tradition of intensive and meticulous farming,carried forward from Han Dynasty,was woven into the view of "it would rather be the few than the many" by the northern people who developed the method of district growth and paid more attention to the production per unit.Thirdly,the proportion of more husbandry was the result of the adjustment of agricultural structure to meet the needs of changes from outside the field of agriculture which helped increase the production and improve the efficiency of the land.So there was more advancement than decline in agricultural production.