全球化时代的空间积累与分化及对规划角色的再审视

本文的主要目是探讨全球化进程对城市和区域发展的影响和分析全球化时代规划角色的转变。文章首先介绍了全球化的研究阶段和争论,指出全球化是一个非均衡、非对称的过程。随后分析了这种非均衡、非对称过程对空间发展的影响,即城市和区域空间积累与分化及城市密集地区作用的凸现,然后文章对中国空间发展的特殊影响因素和现象进行了探讨。文章认为以经济增长和空间营造为主要目的传统技术规划已经无法适应全球化时代的要求,规划被赋予了公共政策指引和提升竞争力的双重新功能,具备了对内解决问题、对外参与全球竞争的双向职能。

A RESURVEY OF THE PLANNING ROLE IN CONSIDERATION OF THE SPATIAL ACCUMULATION AND POLARIZATION IN THE GLOBALIZATION ERA

The globalization has made profound effects on many aspects such as economy, social culture, environment, and governance, etc. Generally speaking, the researches relating to globalization could be divided into three steps, and each step features a different emphasis. Attitudes of scholars towards globalization could be summarized as three categories: supporting, opposing and drawing conclusions differently according to specific conditions. Thus, a controversial world was formed in this study field, which showed that the globalization was a no-equilibrium and dissymmetrical process.
The influence of the no-equilibrium and dissymmetrical process on the spatial development is reflected in the manifestation of urban and regional spatial accumulation and polarization. The manifestation could be seen from three aspects. First, an unbalanced global urban system has been shaped, with the functions of a few big cities upgraded while the others declining to the verge. Second, the urban inner space accumulates and polarizes because of the social polarization, which originates from three causes: the polarization between different economical sectors, the internal polarization of one sector and the authority's giving up the redistribution policies. Finally, region is polarizing itself. The functions of a few developed regions upgrade while the others transform to be vassals. With the influence of spatial accumulation and polarization, the city concentrated area progress gradually on the controlling center of global economic development, incubator of system and culture innovation, and the exchanging space for information and technology. With the high-speed urbanization and market transition, Chinese spatial development has three special characteristics:the highly profit-oriented trend of local government, highly depending upon foreign direct investment and highly polarized dual sights.
It is in the context of spatial accumulation and polarization that the traditional economy-oriented planning is out of date and now it has been endowed with two roles to participate in and react to the globalization, which are public policy and source of promoting competitive ability. As roles of these two, planning needs to be exploited to solve problem internally and participate in the global competition externally.
It's basically concluded that: 1) The spatial accumulation and polarization will be more distinctive with the processing of globalization. 2) The both new functions of planning, especially promoting city competitive ability will be expressed vividly. And finally, the problems of how to succeed merits of traditional planning in the globalization era and apply the western theories to our country need comprehensive consideration.