基于社区能力的旅游小企业成长机制研究——以宏村为例

社区能力强调发展的内源性，旅游小企业嵌入在旅游地中，具有明显的内源性成长特征。本文以宏村旅游小企业为研究对象，采用扎根理论进行编码分析。研究发现：民居房屋、传统技能和地方文化等社区原始资源是旅游小企业成长的基础；同行引导、邻里支持和知识获取等社区主动参与方式促进小企业加速成长；企业主开展的企业合作和景区宣传等社区集体行动助推企业持续成长；企业家精神作为社区发展动力存在于企业成长的全过程，引导着社区资源、社区参与和集体行动等各环节作用的发挥。研究进一步发现，旅游小企业成长和社区能力建设具有循环促进作用，这种促进作用有利于社区能力的培育和旅游小企业在目的地的集聚成长。

RESEARCH ON THE GROWTH MECHANISM OF SMALL TOURISM ENTERPRISES BASED ON COMMUNITY CAPACITY: A CASE STUDY OF HONGCUN

Community capacity emphasizes the endogenous nature of development and is the community resources and interactions that are used to solve individual and collective problems and seek social well-being. Small tourism enterprises embedded in tourism destinations have obvious endogenous growth characteristics. This paper takes Hongcun small tourism enterprises as the research object, and adopts grounded theory research method to conduct coding analysis of interview data under the guidance of community competence theory. The results show that the original community resources such as residential houses, traditional skills and local culture in tourist destinations are transformed, excavated and inherited to become the foundation for the establishment and growth of small tourism enterprises. With the development of the market, the initiative of community participation deepens. As the driving force of community development, entrepreneurship always exists in the whole process of enterprise establishment and growth. It guides the development of community resources, community participation and collective action, and is the driving force of sustainable growth of small tourism enterprises. The study further found that the growth of tourism small enterprises and community capacity building have a circular promoting effect, which is conducive to the cultivation of community capacity and the agglomeration of tourism small enterprises in the destination.