高技术条件下的人类、战争与环境--以1991年海湾战争为例

科技进步和军事变革互为条件、共同发展。战争作为“流血的政治”,其根本属性并没有随着科技进步而改变。它不仅是人类社会内部的严重冲突,更是特定生态系统中人与环境的对立。与以往的战争模式相比,高技术战争看似“人道”,却凸显出人与环境之关系更趋紧张的态势。以1991年海湾战争为例,战争双方滥用科技带来的破坏,几乎超出了自然环境的自我恢复能力和人类重建家园能力。无论联军还是伊军,都是环境的破坏者,他们连同平民一起又是环境破坏后果的最终承担者。从人与环境的关系入手审视高技术战争,使我们看到了现有的战争伦理的局限性。

Human, War and the Environment under High-Tech Conditions: Taking the 1991 Gulf War as an Example

The advancement of science and technology and the revolution of military affairs are not only interactive as preconditions, but also develop together. The war, bloody politics, has never changed its basic characters with the advancement of science and technology. It shows not only grave clashes in human societies, but also contradictions between human and environment in ecosystems. Compared with prior war modes, high-tech war takes a new look of humanism, but it also represents a more strained situation between human and environment clearly. As an example, in the 1991 Gulf War, both sides have abused science and technology, the degree of environmental damage caused by them was beyond both the self-restoration ability of natural environment and the rebuilding ability of human beings. Both allied forces and Iraqi troops destroyed environment of the Persian Gulf, they shared the results following the environmental damage with civilians at last. After surveying high-tech wars proceeding with the relationship between human and environment, we find the limitation of modern war ethics.