17世纪英国海外贸易的拓展与转型

17世纪，英国与西欧、北欧呢绒的贸易趋于衰落，而与利凡特东印度以及北美殖民地的进口贸易却繁荣起来。进口的目的是为了再出口。这种输入与再输出的贸易越来越发达，而呢绒出口贸易则逐渐走向衰落，这就是所谓的贸易转型。17世纪英国的贸易转型分两个阶段：第一阶段发展的是与利凡特—东印度的贸易；第二阶段发展的是与殖民地的贸易。这种以再出口为目的的新型海外贸易，是17世纪英国巨额财富的主要来源。

Development of English Overseas Trade and the Transformation of English Commerce in the 17th Century

Overseas trade of England in seventeenth century mainly based on export of cloth.The impetus of expansion of commerce was to find markets for cloth.Import from Levant-East India and America colony prospered while that from Western and Northern Europe declined.Merchants imported in order to re-export.This kind of trade was more and more prosperous,in contrast to the decline of export of cloth.This is so-called the transformation of English commerce.It was divided into two periods.The first period was the trade with Levant-East India,the second with the colonies.The development of this kind of transformation was the source of British wealth.