兰州城区制造业空间结构及其影响因素研究

基于2008年企业的相关数据,以兰州城区行政区划中街道为空间单元,通过对兰州市制造业企业的宏观总量空间分布、行业类型分布、企业规模分布的分析,探寻该市内部制造业的空间结构特征及规律,并从影响企业区位选择的因素入手,分析现有制造业空间结构的影响因素。研究表明:无论从宏观总量空间分布、行业类型分布、企业规模分布来看,兰州城区制造业企业空间结构由内到外都呈现明显的圈层分布特征;这种空间分布特征是在历史因素、土地因素、城市规划和政府政策、集聚效应、开发区等多重影响因素和驱动力的共同作用下形成的。

A RESEARCH ON THE SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY AND ITS MECHANISM IN LANZHOU

The urban spatial structure is the spatial reflection in the specific society, which contains various economic and cultural factors. As an important part of urban economic activities, the manufacturing industry influences the development of cities greatly. Therefore, the researches on its spatial distribution are concerned by many researchers in the fields of economics and geography. It takes long term for the spatial distribution of urban manufacturing to form. It is the result of the location choices and relocation changes by the manufacturing enterprises. However, the location choices also include the transitions of the economic structures and political situation in the various periods, such as the China economic transition, the change of the government policies and the evolvement of urban spatial structure. Thus, the location choices of enterprises are an important micro historical perspective for understanding this forming process. Based on the data of the manufacturing enterprises in Lanzhou city in 2008, this paper aims to analyze the spatial distribution of manufacturing of Lanzhou from different perspectives which are the inventory, the industry type and the enterprise size. Also, the authors summarize the pattern of distribution and discuss its mechanism and influencing factors, then illustrate the new structure of the manufacturing industry of the western cities in China after 1979 in order to give some effective suggestions for the urban planning in China. The result shows that (1) the spatial structure of manufacturing industry in Lanzhou has a significant circle-layer distributing characteristics. (2) The urban spatial structure is formed by the intra-urban spatial location selection which is caused by a variety of driving forces based on the maximization of profits in different times. Historical reasons, government polices, cluster effect are the main driving force for manufacturing industry spatial diffusing and re-agglomeration. Driven by the large enterprises which were sited in special location during the planned economic period, the spatial structure of urban manufacturing of Lanzhou had formed its initial pattern.