中国青铜时代不存在失蜡法铸造工艺

长期以来,学术界公认曾侯乙尊盘和淅川下寺铜禁是采用失蜡法工艺铸造。近年来,我们对相关实物进行了仔细的研究,发现在被认为是失蜡法工艺铸造的部件上都有明确的范缝和其它范铸工艺的特征。因此,无论是曾侯乙尊盘还是淅川下寺铜禁都不可能是用失蜡法工艺铸造的。进一步的研究表明,在青铜时代,我国广大地区普遍采用范铸工艺,商代中期之前,主要是整体铸造,商代中期至西周,主要还是整体铸造,但开始了分铸插接工艺;春秋以后则主要采用分铸和焊接工艺;既没有失蜡法铸造的器例,也没有失蜡法工艺产生的必要的技术基础和社会需求。

No Wax-lost Casting Craft at the Bronze Age in china

It has been long academically accepted that bronze Zun and Pan from Zeng Hou Yi tomb and bronze Jin from Xiasi, Xichuan are cast by wax-lost method. However, recently, by careful research, obvious mould seam and other mould casting craft can be traced on them. So this paper argues previous identification. It believes mould casting is widely used at the Bronze Age in china. Speaking in detail, overall casting is used by the middle of the Shang dynasty, overall casting together with separation casting and wielding technology from the middle Shang dynasty to the Western Zhou dynasty, separation casting and wielding after the Spring and Autumn period. At the Bronze Age, no technological basis and social requests are produced for appearance of Wax-lost craft.