新疆博物馆新获纸质文书结构与成分的分析研究

新疆维吾尔自治区博物馆于2009年征集纸质文物111件,为了保护修复这批纸质文物,选取具有典型病害的五件纸质文物,采用含水率测定仪、纤维测量仪、偏光显微镜、扫描电镜-能谱分析仪等进行了分析检测,以研究这批纸质文物的保存现状、原料成分、制作工艺及病害等信息,为制定保护修复方案提供科学依据。检测结果表明,这批纸质文物的纤维成分以麻纤维为主,制作过程中加进了高岭土、碳酸钙和滑石粉为主的填料,部分纸张经过了施胶处理。同时,纤维多数已经断裂成短的纤维段,几乎很难见完整的纤维,且有成堆的絮状物出现,表明纸张保存状况不佳。

Structural and compositional analysis of paper documents newly collected by the Xinjiang museum

The Xinjiang Autonomous Region Museum collected 111 paper relics in 2009. In order to protect and repair these paper relics, five specimens were selected which having typical diseases, and tested on moisture content and fiber characteristics, as well as by polarizing light microscope and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), etc. Information on the state of preservation, the composition of raw materials, the process of production and the type of deterioration disease was got in these paper relics. This information provided a scientific basis for developing a plan of protection and repair. These studies revealed that the paper relics were mainly made of hemp, with kaolin, carbonate and talc added as main fillers, and that some paper had been treated with glue. Most fibers have broken to small fiber segments, so complete fibers were rarely seen. Many flocs were observed on the paper indicating a bad state of preservation.