南唐二陵墓室彩画上滋生藻类、苔藓与霉菌的种类鉴定

南唐二陵墓室彩画上滋生大面积的苔藓、藻类、霉菌,使原有精美鲜艳的彩画被严重遮盖腐蚀。为此,对南唐二陵墓室彩画上滋生的藻类、苔藓与霉菌进行分离纯化,通过菌落形态观察与显微形态观察,对其表面滋生的藻类、苔藓与霉菌进行了初步种类鉴定。鉴定结果表明,确定霉菌为黑根霉(R. nigricans)、亮白曲霉(A.candidus)、青霉 (P.echinulatum Raper)等；苔藓为墙藓属(Totula sp)、毛口藓属(Trichostomum Bruch)；藻类为鞘丝藻属(Lyngbya)。鉴定结果可为进一步的防藻、防霉技术研究和墓室彩画的现场保护研究提供科学依据。

Identification of algae, moss and mold on colored paintings in two tombs of the Southern Tang Dynasty

Moss, algae and mold were found growing on colored paintings in two tombs of the Southern Tang Dynasty, covering and corroding a large area of the original fine bright colored painting. The moss, algae and mold growing in these two Southern Tang tombs were gathered, isolated and purified. Based on colony morphology and microscopic examination, these moss, algae and mold specimens were tentatively identified. The results suggested that mold includes R. nigricans, A.candidus, P.echinulatum Raper and others; mosses are species of Totula and Trichostomum; algae are Lyngbya species. The study is valuable for planning anti-algae and anti-mold treatments and for in-site conservation of tomb paintings.