土遗址病害的评估体系研究

土遗址病害评估是对土遗址进行科学保护、管理、利用的一项基础性工作，但土遗址病害评估的体系还没有建立。为此，通过对土遗址病害的分析，借鉴地质工程、岩土工程的相关理论和方法，采用逐次分析的方法评估土遗址的载体和本体病害，探讨了土遗址病害评估体系。通过研究认为，可以从地质灾害、稳定性、表面风化三方面对土遗址病害程度进行评估。地质灾害和稳定性有其它学科相对成熟的理论和方法可以借鉴和采用。表面风化评估应考虑到风化剥蚀速率、遗址保存程度和文物价值三个方面，引进风化度和文物价值权重系数的概念，利用模糊数学原理对表面风化的危险程度进行综合评估是一种新思路。

A system for evaluating the deterioration of earthen sites

Evaluation of the deterioration of earthen sites is fundamental for the scientific protection,management and use of earthen sites;however no evaluation system has been established so far.Based on the analysis of specific earthen sites and using theories and methods of geological engineering and geotechnical engineering,the deterioration of the earthen site foundation and the earthen site itself were evaluated by sequential analysis.Deterioration of earthen sites can be evaluated based on measurements of geological destruction,stability and surface weathering.The relatively mature engineering approaches and theories for evaluating geological destruction and stability can be adopted.For surface weathering evaluation,the weathering erosion rate,the condition of the earthen site and the value of the site should be considered;the degree of weathering and the heritage site’s value should be introduced into the model as a weighting coefficient.Using "fuzzy" mathematical theory,a new method was developed for systematically evaluating surface weathering.