明洪武年间湖南卫所设置的时空特征

明初,在湖南地区设立的卫所不仅数量众多,而且属性复杂,具有其独特的时空特征。从时间上看,湖南卫所的设置集中在洪武前期和洪武后期;从空间上看,湖广西南部、湘西北、湖南南部等不同区域因各自的地理环境和民族分布差异而表现出相应的空间特征。此外,从卫所分布的空间特征加以把握,可将明代湖南卫所划分为腹地卫所和边地卫所两大类型。在边地卫所中,又可进一步区分为交通型、控御土司型、防瑶型卫所。

The Space-time Features of Garrisons in Hunan in Early Ming Dynasty

There was enjoyed special military status and nationallity distribution in Hunan region in Ming Dynasty early period.The garrisons set up in Ming Dynasty were great in amount and complexity.Concerning the feature of time,they were set up mainly during early and late of Hongwu period.As for the space,garrisons in different regions varied due to geography and nationality,such as in the southwest of Hu-guang,northwest and south of Hunan region.In addition,as regard to the geographical features and functions in distribution,the garrisons in Hunan region in early Ming Dynasty could also be divided into two main types,namely hinterland garrisons and borderland.The garrisons of the borderland kinds can be classified into Defending-Tusi,Interior region,Transport-Route,five-Mountain-range,totally three kinds of patterns.