西方地理学界关于生产性服务业作用研究述评

生产性服务业是目前西方大部分服务业体系中对国民经济作用最显著的部分,20世纪70年代以来,西方学者关于生产性服务业作用的研究日益增加。总括而言,西方地理学者对生产性服务业作用的研究主要从四个方面进行:生产性服务业对城市与区域整体发展的作用、对地区的制造业发展的作用、对地区其他服务业发展的作用,以及对城市等级序列重构的作用。其中,主要是从产业的内在功能和布局两个角度研究生产性服务业的作用。

A REVIEW OF STUDIES ON THE IMPACT OF THE PRODUCER SERVICES IN WESTERN GEOGRAPHICAL CIRCLES

At present, producer services are not only the fastest developed part of the services industry in the western countries, but also the fastest growth part of the international services trade. For the rapid development of it, more and more western researchers focused their research on the impact of the producer services from the 1970s. Based on the literature review, it is found that the western geographers studied the impact of the producer services mainly in four aspects. The first aspect is on the impact of the producer services to urban or regional development. To be the basis economic activity and the indirectly basic economic activity are the two ways for the producer services to impact the regional development, and services trade is the main way to accomplish the mission. Producer services have modified the basis economic model and led the manpower capital and knowledge capital to the production. The second aspect is on the impact of the producer services to the manufacturing development of the region. The external and the internal are the two ways for the manufacturing corporations to use producer services, and have drawn the most attention in the research of the relation between producer services and manufacturing. Conclusions can be drawn that the producer services enhance the productivity of production, and its supplement affect the location of the manufacturing corporations. The third aspect is on the impact of the producer services to the development of the other services sectors in the region. There is not too much research on this aspect yet, and the general conclusion has been drawn, which the output of the producer services is not only for the manufacturing but also for the other services sector, and the part consumed by the other services sectors are even larger than that by the manufacturing. The forth aspect is on the impact of the producer services to the restructuring of city hierarchy through the location of producer services corporations. Finally, some points that should be paid attention to in the future are found out.