福建亭江的“小美国人”：一个跨国寄养的新移民子女群体

本文的“小美国人”是指中国新移民在美国生育的、具有美国国籍并于出生后不久就被送回亭江寄养的婴幼儿。本研究以位于闽江口的福州市著名侨乡亭江镇为调查点,追溯小美国人在当地跨国寄养这一现象的产生,考察小美国人在当地的寄养现状,分析小美国人的跨国寄养对当地社会经济和文化教育等方面的影响。文章认为,这些跨国寄养的小美国人兼具了作为传统意义的亭江人和作为法律意义的外国人的双重身份,是一个特殊的群体。他们在侨乡的跨国寄养,是国际移民网络的组成和延伸。作者建议当地政府和相关部门重视这一群体的特殊性,制定相关政策,帮助这批特殊的小美国人在当地健康成长。从长远看,这将有利于这些小美国人回归美国长大成人后,成为促进中美友谊的民间桥梁。

The Little Americans in Tingjiang: Transnational Raised Children of New Emigrants

In this paper,the "little Americans" are referred to the children of new Chinese immigrants in the United States.They were born in the U.S.with American citizenship.Soon after their birth,they were sent to Tingjiang,a famous overseas Chinese hometown in Fuzhou,and are raised by their Chinese clan members there.Based on a thorough field research,the present paper traces back the emergence and development of the(group's) transnational raising,investigates their present situation,and analyzes the influence on the local.It is believed that the little Americans have formed a particular group with special identity because they are Tingjiang people from the Chinese traditional point of view but foreigners according to the law.They are part of the international migrant network.To guarantee the healthy growth of the children,the author suggests that the local government should pay more attention to their specialties and formulate a relative policy for them,which,in the long run,will help build a folk bridge for the friendship between China and America in the future when the children return to the United States.