驻村工作队与乡村精英互助作用下的乡村治理研究

基于乡村"公"、"共"、"私"三分领域的治理理论,以G省F贫困村为例,运用实地考察、深度访谈等质性研究方法,结合F村实证特征和问题分析,探讨政府(驻村工作队)与社会(乡村精英)互助作用下的乡村治理特征。研究指出,驻村工作队代表政府权威,领导并协助村两委工作;新乡贤利用自身社会资本,与驻村工作队在项目确定、资金使用、村庄发展等方面协商互助,降低治理成本;村两委则以维持乡村生产、生活秩序为主,并领导/协助新乡贤参与村中事务。总体而言,驻村工作队嵌入乡村,代表上层政府的外部政府权威,乡村精英代表乡村内生权威,二者作为"中间者"在乡村层面协作互助,实现"上、中、下相结合"的较为均衡的乡村治理。

RURAL GOVERNANCE UNDER THE MUTUAL ASSISTANCE OF VILLAGE WORKING TEAM AND RURAL ELITE

Based on the theoretical perspective of rural governance which was divided into three fields of "government", "community" and "market", this paper takes F poverty village in G Province as an example, and combines the empirical characteristics and problem analysis of F village to explore the rural governance model under the mutual assistance of the government (village working team) and the society (rural elite) through qualitative research methods such as field investigation and in-depth interviews. The study points out that, the village working team, as the representative of governmental authority, guilds and assists the village committee's work. The rural elite uses their own social capital to negotiate and help each other with village working team in terms of project determination, fund use and village development, so as to reduce the cost of governance. The village committee mainly maintains the order of production and life in the countryside, and leads/assists rural elite to participate in village affairs. Generally speaking, village working team embeds into the village, representing the external government authority of upper government, while rural elite represents the endogenous authority of the countryside. As "intermediaries", they need to cooperate and help each other at the rural level in order to form a more balanced rural governance model of "combination of the top, the middle and the bottom".