乡村旅游地空间生产与村民角色转型的过程与机制——以丹霞山瑶塘村为例

乡村旅游空间与村民社会角色是一个相互形塑和建构的过程,揭示两者的互动机制对乡村旅游地可持续发展具有重要意义。研究发现,乡村旅游地空间经历了农业生产空间、农旅并存空间、旅游消费空间的演变过程;村民角色从"农业生产者",经不同转型轨迹,归于"旅游从业者"角色。权力、资本和市场等主体对乡村旅游空间的建构,对村民角色扮演提出新的期望和规范;村民主体的微观权力、资本积累、个人技能、个人观念影响其角色扮演与空间适应;不同角色村民主体通过微观空间生产行为,促使乡村旅游空间景观化、商业化和制度化,也会产生民宿空间分异和乡村公共空间侵占等问题。

THE PROCESS AND INTERACTION MECHANISM BETWEEN RURAL TOURISM SPACE PRODUCTION AND ROLE CHANGE OF VILLAGERS: A CASE STUDY OF YAOTANG VILLAGE IN MT. DANXIA

The development of tourism has promoted the production of rural space, and rural tourist places have gradually become an important economic and social geographical space, which are constantly produced and reproduced. With the production of rural tourism space, the role of villagers is constantly given and transformed, which further affects the reconstruction of rural space and the transformation of rural society. Rural tourism space and the social role of villagers are a process of mutual shaping and construction. Based on the case of Yaotang village in Mt. Danxia, with the interview, observation and grounded theory method, citing space production and role theory, the process and mechanism of rural tourist space production and villagers' role change were revealed. This study finds that in the development of Yaotang village over the past 20 years, the rural tourism space has experienced agricultural production space, co-existence space of agriculture and tourism, to the tourism consumption space. Moreover, the villagers' role from "farmer", changes in different trajectories, eventually become "tourism labor". On the one hand, structural factors such as power, capital and market produce the rural tourism conceived space and put forward new expectations and norms for the role play of villagers. On the other hand, the villagers' micro-power, capital accumulation, personal skills and individual values and other factors influence the role playing, representation space practice and space adaptation. Finally, the external local government, the village representative managerial power and the concept of tourism enrichment support it to carry out the rural space tourism production, which promote the rural community space landscaped, commercial and institutionalized.