景观基因信息链视角的传统村落风貌特征研究——以上甘棠村为例

传统村落风貌研究历来是建筑学、景观学和规划学关注的焦点问题之一,并取得了丰硕的研究成果,但地理学视角的相关研究相对较少。基于此,本文试图以中国传统村落上甘棠村为例,通过实地调研和深度访谈等方法,借助景观基因理论对村落进行风貌景观基因识别和提取,在此基础上,构建了传统村落风貌景观基因信息链,并对其四要素(景观信息元、景观信息点、景观信息廊道和景观信息网络)的风貌特征进行了解析,结果显示:(1)上甘棠村整体风貌景观基因保存度较好,具有巨大历史文化研究价值;(2)上甘棠村的内在文化基因,即风貌景观基因信息元内涵丰富,但未得到有效传承;风貌特征保存度较差;(3)上甘棠村风貌景观基因信息点数量众多,内容丰富多样,整体上人文风貌景观基因信息点的保存度要好于自然风貌景观基因信息点;(4)作为联接通道的风貌景观基因廊道保存相对完整,但存在局部松动、断裂等现象;(5)风貌景观基因信息网络整体保存度一般,局部装饰受损度非常严重,需要尽快修补。未来应加强传统村落风貌特征的数字化研究,可为传统村落保护提供精准化的修复方案。

RESEARCH ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TRADITIONAL VILLAGE STYLE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF LANDSCAPE GENETIC INFORMATION CHAIN: A CASE STUDY OF SHANGGANTANG VILLAGE

The study of traditional village features has always been one of the focus issues of architecture, landscape and planning, and has achieved fruitful research results, but the related research from the perspective of geography is relatively few. Based on this, this paper attempts to take Shanggantang Village as an example, through field investigation and in-depth interview and other methods, with the help of landscape gene theory to identify and extract the landscape gene of the village. The results showed that: 1) The overall landscape gene of Shanggantang Village preservation degree is good, which has great historical and cultural research value; 2) the inherent cultural gene of Shanggantang Village has not been effectively inherited; 3) the number of landscape genetic information points in Shanggantang Village is numerous and the contents are rich and diverse; 4) the preservation of landscape genetic corridors as a connection channel is relatively complete; 5) the overall preservation of landscape genetic information network is general, and the damage degree of local decoration is very serious.