长三角地区港口后勤功能转型及空间分异研究

在界定港口后勤功能内涵的基础上,本文以长三角地区为例,选择不同价值链环节上的港航服务企业为港口后勤要素,通过分析2002-2018年港口后勤要素结构变化和空间演替,从区域和城市两个尺度阐释长三角地区港口后勤功能转型及空间分异特征。研究结果表明:长三角区域及各城市的港口后勤功能均在不断优化,大型港口城市的转型态势较中小型港口城市更显著;不同城市后勤要素的增速不同,中心城市上海的高端要素增长显著快于其他城市,其他城市在中低端要素增速方面具有一定的优势;3类后勤要素的增速存在明显差异,中高端要素的增速远大于低端要素,且空间分布上较低端要素更集中;区位和行业特性共同导致港口后勤要素在不同尺度上的集散特征也显著不同。

STUDY ON THE TRANSITION AND SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF PORT BACKUP FUNCTION IN YANGTZE RIVER DELTA

First of all, this paper defines the concept and connotation of port backup function and port backup element, holds that backup element is an effective index to measure various service functions of the rear area of the port, and divides the port backup elements into low, medium and high-end categories based on the value chain. Then, the structural transition and spatial differentiation characteristics of port backup function in Yangtze River Delta region from 2002 to 2018 are analyzed from the two scales of region and cities. The main conclusions are as follows:1) The port backup function structure of Yangtze River Delta region as well as most cities is increasingly optimized, and the function transition of four large port cities (Shanghai, Suzhou, Nanjing and Nantong) is the most significant; while that of the small port cities such as Zhenjiang and Yangzhou is relatively slow. 2) The growth rate of high-end element is the largest and its spatial distribution is relatively scattered, while the distribution of high-end elements in the central city of Shanghai is the most concentrated, showing a typical spatial Matthew effect at the urban scale. 3) The growth of port backup element is significantly affected by the external environment. 4) Port backup element shows a trend of agglomeration at the regional scale, while it shows a characteristic of dispersion at the urban scale, which is caused by different distribution mechanisms of port backup element at different scales.