马来西亚华人与马来人就业地位变化的比较与分析

本文将自殖民统治时期到2005年的马来西亚历史分为五个时期,对华人与马来人就业地位的发展变化进行了纵向比较,并对其变化的原因进行了简要分析。作者认为,独立近50年来,马来西亚马来人的就业地位在持续上升,而华人的就业地位则在不断下降,马来人已经逐渐超越华人成为许多领域的就业优势族群。马来西亚政府的政策干预是导致这种变化的一个重要原因。政府一贯执行的“马来人优先”的就业干预政策,使华人和马来人的就业变化失去了公平竞争的平台,政府在积极保护马来人就业增长的同时,对华人及其他非马来人却极力排斥,导致马来人与华人的就业地位发生了上述变化。

A Comparative Study of the Change of Employment Position Between Ethnic Chinese and Malays in Malaysia

This paper makes a vertical comparative study of the change of employment position between the ethnic Chinese and the Malays in Malaysia in five historical periods since the colonial period,and then analyses reasons for the changes.It holds that through nearly 50 years' change since independence the Malays have already attained an advantageous employment position and the ethnic Chinese are facing the danger of being marginalized.One of the important reasons of this change is the(government's) policy interventions.The intervenient policies of `Malays first' have made the ethnic employment competition lose the fair base,and thus have caused such change.