基于景观生态的亚热带沿海景观及旅游保护性开发探讨——以福建省为例

沿海景观作为海洋景观与陆地景观的边界,是特色鲜明和空间异质性突出的系统整体。同时沿海地区一直是人类开发较早、人地关系紧密、系统物能交换最频繁、最集中的区域,对海-陆-气系统耦合力和内外营力具有高度的敏感性,因此保持沿海景观的生态整体性尤为重要。研究沿海景观的景观体系和开发利用,目前在我国仍属于薄弱环节。本文评述福建沿海景观分类并概括其生态特征,应用景观生态的原理,探讨福建沿海景观旅游保护性开发模式,构建和谐稳定的景观格局。

RESEARCH ON APPLYING LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY TO COASTAL LANDSCAPES OF THE SUBTROPICAL ZONE AND THE PROTETIVE EXPLOTATION --A Case Study of Fujian Province

As the natural boundary of oceanic landscape and terrestrial landscape,coastal landscape is a system of distinct characteristcs.It is especially important to maintain the ecological entirety of the coastal landscape.At the same time,as the region human beings long have exploited and in which the mankind-environment relationship are close,also with radical exchanges of matter and energy,the coastal landscapes are highly sensitive to the power of the immanent and extrinsic coupling.The coastal area of Fujian Province has rapid growing economy,and its landscape ecological construction plays an important role in the sustainable and stable economy development of our country's coastal area.The coastal landscape is one of the major elements for Fujian tourism production and the mainstay of its development,yet recently the destruction of the tourism resources have become a severe problem,for example,the construction of some tourism establishments greatly damaged the beach and the shelter-forest,as well as some reefs.So it is urgent to find out how to protect the coastal landscapes while they are exploited as tourism resources. It's still a weak academic field in China about applying the principles of landscape ecology to research on the exploitation of coastal landscape.There are still no explicit definitions of the coastal landscape and still lack perfect classification.Mankind-induced change of the landscape is seldom discussed and the research was confined to the exploitation of the coastal landscape.The selection of indexes on the effects caused by mankind is not emphasized.Based on the analysis of the classification and the characteristic generalization and probed into the sustainable pattern of coastal landscape,the paper try to build up a steady landscape pattern of Fujian Province.In a conclusion that fortify harmony of the whole landscape pattern,consolidate the basis of steady landscape pattern,and construct the comfortable coastal landscape environment in Fujian Province will help to achieve the aim of protective exploitation.