半坡“人面衔鱼”图案再分析

半坡"人面衔鱼"图案表现的是一条俯视视角下的鱼,而非戴有装饰的人,应定名为"人面鱼"纹。对观者来说,它是"对视"和"远观"两种视角的结合,其设计目的在于通过二维的方式表现三维场景。参考玛雅文明关于地下水世界和人化鱼重生的观念,依据此类图形的出土情境,我们推测它很可能表达了半坡人群希望部分死者能够转化为鱼,穿过象征死亡的水域,进而重生或转世的愿望。

Re-analyzing the pattern of Human Face with Fish in Mouth at the Banpo Site

The present paper proposes that the pattern of human face with fish in mouth, unearthed at the Banpo site, intend to emphasize on the fish, rather than the person wearing ornaments, if observed from a top view. For such a reason, fish with human face is a more appropriate term to describe the pattern. For the observers, the pattern of fish with human face presents views of both eye-to-eye and bird eye. It was so designed to demonstrate a three-dimensional scene in two dimensions. Taking into consideration how the Maya people visualized the underwater world and the rebirth of humanized fish as well as the contexts in which the pattern of fish with human face were unearthed, the present paper proposes that the pattern of fish with human face is very likely indicative of the wishes that the Banpo people had for some of the dead, praying for the dead to be transformed into fish which could then pass through the waters of death and finally enjoy rebirth or reincarnation.