安徽怀宁孙家城遗址夹植物陶器初步研究

本文分别采用微观结构观察、成分分析和吸水率-密度测定等方法,对比共出的夹砂陶和泥质陶,对孙家城遗址较为典型的夹植物陶进行分析。陶器坯体微观结构显示夹植物陶疏松多孔,植物类孱和料呈现的形式主要有植物碎屑、炭化颗粒、植物印痕等,应与夹炭陶相区别。成分分析表明夹砂陶、泥质陶和夹植物陶所用的制陶原料存在差异性且一定程度上有重合,后两者在制作工艺上有相似之处且有别于夹砂陶,而且夹植物陶鼎的口沿、腹部、足部的原料和制作工艺也不同。陶器胎体断面元素含量的变化可能是制陶过程中有意为之,也或与烧制过程和器表施加陶衣相关。吸水率-密度分析显示夹植物陶的质地最为疏松多孔,质量最轻,而且吸水饱和后更为脆弱易碎。

Preliminary Study of Plant-Tempered Pottery from the Sunjiacheng Site in Huaining County,Anhui Province

With the combination of microstructural observation,compositional analysis,and determination of absorption rate and pottery densities,the present paper investigated coarse-paste and fine-paste pottery unearthed from the Sunjiacheng site,both tempered with plant materials.Microscopic examination of the pottery’s body reveals that plant-tempered pottery are porous and loosely textured,and the addition of tempering materials is evidenced by fragments of plant materials,carbonized particles,and impressions of plants,which are noticeably distinguished from that of the fine-paste pottery’s body.Compositional analysis shows that coarse-paste,fine-paste,and plant-tempered pottery are compositionally overlapping to a certain degree(although differences among the three categories of pottery do exist).Furthermore,fine-paste and plant-tempered pottery share similar manufacturing techniques which are different from that of coarse-paste pottery.In regard to the manufacture of plant-tempered pottery,taking pottery ding-tripod as example,even the rim,belly,and foot are different in their chemical composition and manufacturing technique.Variations in chemical compositions are noticed across the section of pottery,due to possibly intentional treatment or the firing and post-firing surface treatment.Determination of absorption rate and densities suggests that plant-tempered pottery is porous and loosely textured,light-weighted,and fragile and easy to break once saturated.