20世纪中国的社会转型与社会变革的两种思想和方式

在20世纪中国社会转型的过程中,革命与改良(改革)这两种变革思想和方式之间虽然有重大区别,但又是互补的,而且"你中有我,我中有你".两者在不同的历史时期各凸现其主导功能,也会相互转化,不可绝对地厚此薄彼,更不可只肯定一种而否定另一种.事实上,革命与改良是同一部乐曲的"双重变奏",两者的相生相克、相辅相成、交互辉映,共同组成了20世纪中华民族救亡图存、启蒙大众、革故鼎新的历史画卷,共同推进了中国社会的现代化.20世纪最后20多年的改革和发展趋势表明,中国尽管已从根本上摆脱了自我束缚的困扰,但进入新世纪后最需要的是居安思危,力戒盛世意识,增强忧患意识.

Two trends of ideology and two modes of social change and social reform in China during the 20th century

The 20 th century experienced two trends of ideology and two modes of social change:revolution and reform,in China.Though the two ideologies and two modes differed significantly they complemented and embodied one another.Each projected its dominant function during different periods of history,but their functions were mutually transformable.Therefore,the two ideologies and two modes should be equally regarded and neither should be neglected.In fact,the two social changes,revolution and reform,were like a buet of music,counteracting,complementing and enhancing each other.Together they formed a grand historical spectacle of the Chinese nation in the 20 th century:saving the country to ensure its survival,lightening the masses of the people to destroy the old and establish the new.They thus greatly promoted the modernization of the Chinese society.The trend of reform and development in the last two decades of the 20 th century indicates that though China has completely got rid of the difficult position of self-restriction,what it needs most after entering the new century is to be mindful of possible danger in times of peace and be aware of potential difficulties while enjoying peace and prosperity.