Ectopic paragonimiasis from 400-year-old female mummy of Korea |
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Authors: | Dong Hoon Shin Chang Seok Oh Sang Jun Lee Eun-Joo LeeSe Gwon Yim Myeung Ju KimYi-Suk Kim Soong Deok Lee Yong Seok LeeHye Jung Lee Min Seo |
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Affiliation: | a Institute of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea b Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea c Graduate School of Creative Industry, Andong National University, 388 Songcheon-dong, Andong-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea d Department of History, Andong National University, 388 Songcheon-dong, Andong-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea e Department of Anatomy, Dankook University, San 29, Anseo-Dong, Chonan 330-714, Republic of Korea f Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 911-1, Mok-5-dong, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 158-710, Republic of Korea g Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea h Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine and UHRC, Inje University, 633-165, Gaegum-Dong Busanjin-Gu, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea i Department of Parasitology, Dankook University, San 29, Anseo-Dong, Chonan 330-714, Republic of Korea |
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Abstract: | Of the parasite eggs discovered in ancient samples from Korean archaeological sites, Paragonimus spp. are of particular importance in that they are regarded as one of the most insidious trematode infection sources. Although their infection prevalence decreased rapidly in the early 20th century, archaeoparasitological studies on the species are still required, as historical knowledge of paragonimiasis remains far from comprehensive. Fortunately, we recently were given a chance to examine a medieval Korean mummy in a good state of preservation. Using morphological techniques, we discovered evidence of ectopic paragonimiasis in the sample from the 17th-century female. When the ITS 2 gene was extracted, amplified and sequenced from Paragonimus eggs, it showed 100% homology to the sequences of modern Paragonimus westermani reported from Korea and Japan, forming a cluster distinct from South Asian P. westermani. Our report is the first-ever analysis of ancient Paragonimus DNA from any archaeological field in the world. The ectopic paragonimiasis diagnosis made in this study, especially involving the liver sample, also is the first of its kind in archaeoparasitology. |
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Keywords: | Paragonimus westermani Korea Ancient DNA Archaeoparasitology Ectopic paragonimiasis |
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