福建省城镇流动人口的空间分异格局——基于六普数据的分析

文章基于第六次人口普查数据,运用数理统计、空间自相关和GIS等方法,分析了福建省城镇流动人口的空间分异格局。研究发现,福建省城镇流动人口在沿海多而密集、以区外流动为主,开放性和活跃性明显,而在内陆则少而稀疏、以区内流动为主,封闭性和粘滞性突出,但沿海和内陆均存在内部异质性;大城市流动人口密集且来源地广泛、对人口城镇化影响大,中等城市流动人口规模较小,小城镇对区内流动人口有一定吸纳能力。文章还探讨了城镇流动人口空间分异特征的驱动机制、对区域社会经济发展和城镇化的影响,并提出相关政策建议。

PATTERNS OF SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF THE URBAN FLOATING POPULATION IN FUJIAN PROVINCE: AN ANALYSIS OF THE SIXTH POPULATION CENSUS DATA

Based on the data from the 2010 census, this paper analyzes patterns of spatial differentiation of the urban floating population in Fujian Province, using the methods of statistical analysis, geographic information systems and spatial autocorrelation. The result shows that on the whole, the scale of the floating population is larger and its density is higher in the coastal area than in the inland area; the inter-county floating population plays an more important role in the coastal area, while the intra-county floating population is more dominant in the inland area, suggesting the more open and active nature of the coastal area as migration destination than the inland area. However, such differences between the coastal and inland areas are not without exceptions, manifested in the fact that there are some counties in the coastal area with inactive and small scale urban floating populations. It is also found that there are differences in the scale and migration direction of the urban floating population among cities of different sizes. The paper also examines the temporal patterns of the urban floating population in Fujian Province, suggesting that while some members of the floating population have lived in their places of destination cities for long periods of time, the majority of them are still short-term migrants, and the proportion of short-term migrants in the coastal area is higher than that of the inland area. The paper further explores the mechanisms behind the formulation of the above patterns of spatial and temporal differentiation. In the final part, the paper discusses the implications of the above findings for social- economic development and urbanization in Fujian Province and relevant policy making.