我国文化多样性时空格局及其成因研究

基于民族视角,利用五普、六普数据,运用文化多样化指数等方法,分析我国文化多样性时空格局,研究发现:1文化多样性水平具有空间差异性,呈现出中东部较低西部边疆地区较高,乡村高城市低的空间格局。2文化多样性具有缓慢变迁性。五普到六普,文化要素多样性、文化空间多样性略有降低;文化多样性类型略有调整;中东部向边疆渐高的核心外围式格局和乡高城低格局未变。3文化多样性变化具有多元性。有13个省份文化多样性下降,18个省份上升;城乡文化多样性变化也各具特色。4文化要素多样性水平较低,文化空间多样性水平较高,文化多样性表现具有悖论性。5文化多样性演化机制具有复杂性。地理环境、民族构成、人文历史、人口流动等均是重要影响因素。

STUDY ON SPATIAL-TEMPORAL PATTERN OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND ITS AFFECTED FACTORS IN CHINA

From the perspective of nationality, based on the 5th and the 6th population census of People's Republic of China, this paper analyses the spatial-temporal pattern of the cultural diversity in China with the construction of cultural diversity index, culture Geordie coefficient and nation primacy index. The results are as follows:①the level of the cultural diversity in China is characteristic of spatial difference. The spatial pattern is characterized by a lower level in mid-eastern China and a higher level in western borderland, a lower level in the urban area and a higher level in the rural area; ②the cultural diversity in China is changing slowly;③changes of the cultural diversity in China are pluralistic. Comparative researches between the calculation based respectively on the 5th and the 6th population census of People's Republic of China prove that there are 13 provinces whose cultural diversity decreases and 18 provinces increases. At the same time, changes of the cultural diversity respectively in the rural area and the urban area are distinctive;④the cultural diversity is paradoxical. While the level of the cultural element diversity in China is not high, that of the cultural spatial diversity is relatively high;⑤the cultural diversity in China and its spatial-temporal pattern are the integrated effects of such multiple factors as geographical environment, ethnic composition, human history and population flow. The overall level of cultural diversity is determined by the structure of pluralistic integration of Chinese nation; the complexity and diversity of the geographical environment lead to the basic spatial-temporal pattern of cultural diversity; the multi-component and thickness of the history promote the formation and evolution of the pattern of cultural diversity.