中国考古学中考古学文化定名问题产生的缘由和探索

20世纪20~40年代,中国考古学中相继形成了“首次发现小地名法”和“特征命名法”两种主要的文化命名法。至1950年代,因为特征命名法的滥用,尹达、夏鼐等学者不断进行纠正。夏鼐在《关于考古学文化的定名问题》一文,提出定名的三项原则,此后又写了《再论考古学上文化的定名问题》一文。经过尹达、夏鼐等人的不断努力,从1960年代起至今,尽管在考古学文化命名上仍有分歧,但夏鼐关于考古学文化的定名原则,得到了考古学界的普遍认可。

Exploring Naming Issues Concerning Archaeological Culture in Chinese Archaeology

From the 1920s to the 1940s, two main cultural naming methods were formed in Chinese archaeology. One method is to name the archaeological culture according to the small place names first discovered. The other method is to name the archaeological culture according to its main characteristics. In the 1950s, because of the abuse of the second naming method, YIN Da, XIA Nai and other scholars constantly corrected it. XIA Nai put forward three principles of naming in his famous article "On the Naming of Archaeological Culture". Later, he wrote the article "On the Naming of Culture in Archaeology Again". Through the continuous efforts of YIN Da, XIA Nai and others, from the 1960s to the present, although there are still differences in the naming of archaeological culture, XIA Nai's principle of naming archaeological culture has been universally recognized by the archaeological community.