商代“坐”姿人形雕像研究

商代的坐姿人形雕像是商代独特的艺术塑造之一,发现较多,主要集中发现于安阳和成都两地,从材料上看有玉、石、青铜,也有陶塑。所塑造的人物衣着、发式、面貌不同,可分为四种类型,其时代大多属于殷墟二期到殷墟三期,也有部分晚至商末周初。关于坐姿人形雕像的身份属性,我们认为可能反映了不同族属、不同部落、不同方国、不同身份的人物形象。这些人物形象的塑造不仅反映了商代的生活起居、巫术祭祀等文化习俗,也可能有夸耀武功、宣扬权威的目的。

Studies on Sitting Human Figurines of Shang Dynasty

A considerable amount of sitting human figurines of Shang Dyansty have been excavated, mainly in Anyang and Chengdu. As unique artistic creations of that particular era, these figurines are made of jade, stone, bronze and pottery. According to varied dressing, hairstyles and visage, these figurines can be categorized into four types. Most figurines date back to the second and third phases of Yinxu;some were made during the time from late Shang to early Zhou. It is speculated that the sitting human figurines modeled people from different ethnic groups, tribes, feoffments and social strata. Reflecting the culture and customs of Shang Dynasty like the daily life, witchcraft and sacrifices, these figurines were possibly created to flaunt power and publicize sovereign.