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Archaeomagnetic dating of archaeological sites from Switzerland and Bulgaria |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Geophysical Institute, BAS, block 3, Acad. Bonchev st., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;2. Petrophysics Laboratory, Department of Mineralogy, Geneva University, 13, rue des Maraı̂chers, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;1. School of Science for Open and Environment Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan;2. Department of System Design Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan;3. JST, CREST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan;1. School of Instrument Science & Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China;2. Fundamental Science on Novel Inertial Instrument & Navigation System Technology Laboratory, Beijing 100083, China;1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA;2. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA |
| Abstract: | Baked materials from three archaeological sites in Switzerland and one in Bulgaria have been examined and dated archaeomagnetically. The detailed rock-magnetic properties of the burnt clay collected have already been studied therefore and have been published elsewhere (Geophysical Journal International 153 (2003) 146). The main aim of this paper is to determine the terminus ante quem for the last firing of the clay collected from pottery kilns or burnt layers. The directional and intensity results of the ancient geomagnetic field corresponding to the time of the structure's last firing are given for each site. These geomagnetic parameters are then compared with reference curves to provide archaeomagnetic dates for the last use of the kilns. Application of archaeomagnetism as a dating tool is only possible for those regions that already have reference curves. Bulgaria is fortunate in having established reference curves covering almost the last 8000 years. Two Swiss sites were dated using only directional results on the basis of existing palaeodirectional results for Switzerland as well as the French directional reference curves. The archaeomagnetic dates of three of the sites were then compared to archaeological evidence and available radiocarbon dates. The palaeointensity data obtained from this study will enrich the existing archaeomagnetic database for western Europe. |
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