中国古代高温铁釉瓷的呈色研究

中国是最早烧制高温陶瓷的国家,从原始瓷开始,含铁原料制作的颜色釉瓷贯穿了整个中国制瓷的历史,从而产生了呈色各异、品种繁多的铁釉瓷.为研究影响铁釉瓷呈色的各类因素,本工作综合应用成分分析方法,对一些典型的铁釉瓷品种进行定量测定.研究表明:高温铁釉中Fe2O3的含量范围从1％至高达约18％,铁的含量对釉的呈色起着决定性的作用；同时窑炉的烧成气氛和原料中的TiO2含量变化会影响Fe2+、Fe3+的生成比例,从而使釉色发生改变；另外,原料中MnO的含量、施釉工艺等也会对釉色产生影响.研究结果将对我国高温铁釉瓷制作技术的产生、发展有一个更好的诠释.

Coloring of the highfired iron glaze of ancient Chinese ceramics

Highfired ceramics is first produced in China. Beginning from proto-porcelains, colored glaze ceramics made from ironcontaining materials shows a continuous development in the whole history of Chinese ceramics, and new varieties of highfired iron glazes have been produced owing to the change of raw materials and the innovation of technology. So as to study the various coloring factors impacted on highfired iron glaze, the compositions of some typical iron glazes quantitatively were measured by using EDXRF and EPMA methods. The study showed that:the Fe₂O_3content of highfired iron glaze ranged from 1% to about 18%, and the content of iron played a decisive role in the glaze coloration. Meanwhile, the firing atmosphere of the kiln and the TiO_2content in the raw material would change the color of glaze by impacting on the generating of Fe²⁺ or Fe³⁺. In addition, other factors such as the MnO content in raw materials or the glazing process would also affect the color of the glaze. The result of the research would help to explain the formation and development of manufacture technique of highfired iron glaze ceramics in China.