馆藏壁画表面污染物的激光清洗初步研究

激光清洗作为一种新型清洗技术,具有高效、安全、可控等优点。本研究使用激光清洗技术对壁画样品表面污染物进行清洗试验。通过模拟样块试验确定激光清洗设备的损伤阈值与清洗阈值;然后在损伤阈值与清洗阈值范围内,根据不同污染物采用不同的激光能量密度和辅助手段,对壁画样品进行激光清洗试验,最终确定有效的设备参数;在激光清洗同时使用显微镜和色度仪进行清洗效果评估。清洗试验证实激光清洗技术可有效清理部分壁画表面污染物,并确定部分有效参数,为实际工作提供参考和借鉴。

Preliminary research on laser cleaning of mural contaminants

The laser cleaning method has the advantages of high efficiency,safety and controllability.In our work, laser cleaning was used to remove contaminants on the surface of murals. First, the optimum laser cleaning threshold and damage threshold were determined via simulation experiments. Then within the range of above thresholds, different laser energy densities and auxiliary measures were selected, depending on the different contaminants on the murals, in order to perform laser cleaning experiments on mural samples. Finally, the effective device parameters were obtained. The cleaning effect was also evaluated using microscopic examination and chromaticity measurement during the cleaning experiments. The experiments confirmed that laser cleaning was effective on removing some of the contaminants on mural samples and defined the optimum working parameters of the laser device. This work should provide a useful reference for practical application of laser cleaning to murals.