晋江城镇的历史形成和发展趋势

晋江开发的历史较早,至今已有1200余年的历史,三面临海,华侨众多,有长期对外贸易的传统,以及泉州作为中心城市的带动,这些因素在历史上都对晋江城镇的形成和发展起重要的推动作用。
晋江地少人多,农业对劳动力具有强大的排斥力。但近年来乡镇企业迅速发展,为农村剩余劳动力的转移提供了广阔的空间,农业对劳动力的排斥和乡镇企业对劳动力的的吸引,是促进晋江城镇化水平不断提高的动力。但目前还存在乡镇企业布局分散、第三产业薄弱、农业滞后以及城镇设施不够完善等一系列问题,城镇化质量不高。
我们预测到2010年时,晋江人口规模将达116万左右;城镇人口将达44万,占总人口的38%。泉州建市后,青阳、安海均难以替代泉州的作用,其城镇体系明显表现出多群组合的特点。同时,今后晋江的经济将以开辟晋南、青阳、安平三个加工区为重点,在沿海的交通干线展开生产布局,因而人口将继续流向交通干线和沿海城镇。在今后的经济活动中,青阳、深沪、安海、安平分别作为晋东北、晋南、晋西南、晋西北各片的中心城镇。值得注意的是,由于乡镇企业的发展,晋江现在已有100多个规模不大但相当密信集的专业村,只要加强规划和建设就有可能建成一批社会主义新村镇。

The Historical Formation and Trend of Development Jinjiang City and Township

It has been more than one thosand and two hundred years since Jin Jiang area was exploited. The area boasts its geographical position with threesides facing the swa and the city of Quan Zhou surrounced by many othertowns and counties. It is the hometown of many overseas Chinese and has a long history of foreign trade. All these gave a tremendous push to itsformation and development in history.
There is less land but more people in Jin Jiang area. Agriculture has a strong te-pellency to labour. In tecent years, with the rapid devekopmentof township enter-prises, it has provided much space for the surplus rural labour. It is the repellency of agriculture and the attraction of townshipenterprises to the labour that raise the level of the town. But up to now, there exists a series of problems to be settled as to the scatter of townshipenterprises, the weakness of the third industry, the backwardness of agriculture and imperfections of instailation in towns, which lead to poor quality of the towns.
It is estimated that by 2010, the population of Jin Jiang area will havereached about 1.16 million, 0.44 million of which is population of towns, accountion of towns, accunting for thirty-eight percent of the total. Since Quan Zhou became a city, it is cifficult for Qin Yan and An Hai to replace Quan Zhou in functioning. The rural system displays clearlythe chatacteristics of many griups combining togeth-er Meanwhile, to develop the economy of this area, the exploitation of the process-ingYan, An Pin and the south of Jin Jiang will become more and more important and the productive distribution along the coast and main lines of communication will be laid out. More people will continue to float to thetowns along the coast and main lines of communication. In future, Qin Yan, Shen Hu, An Hai and Chi Zhao will act respectively as central towns inNortheast South, Southwest and northwest of Jin Jiang area. We should beaware that with the development of township enterprises, it is powwible to establish a number of socialist new towns so long as we pay great at-tentionto the planning and building of more than one hundred specialized villages which is now only in a small scale but crowded.