雅典执政官任用程序的历史考察

执政官曾是雅典权重一时的官员,但是在大约300年的时间里,它的任用程序几次发生变化,由最初的贵族议会直接任命最终发展为民主式的抽签选举,在此过程中,其政治影响和地位也发生了戏剧性变化,从城邦最高官员沦落为普通公民都可担任的职务.整个过程实际体现了雅典由贵族政治向民主政治的逐渐过渡,因此是雅典政治民主化的缩影.

A historical study on the appointment procedure of Athenian Archons

Archons were the most influential offical in Athens at once time. But in three hundred years or so, their appointment procedure changed several times. At last, the democratic lot replaced the direct appointment by aristocratic council. In the meantime, the political influence and position of archons changed dramatically. They were no longer high - ranking official. On the contrary, the common citizens were qualified for archons. The whole process reflected Athenian gradual transition from aristocracy to democracy, so it was the miniature of democratization of Athenian politics.