| Abstract: | A genetic classification of islands based on the character of the underlying type of crust is proposed. Each crustal type is associated with particular structural-geological island types. Thus, continental crust gives rise to continental islands, which divide further into shelf islands and fragments of continental platforms. Intermediate crust produces particular types of islands that are divided further into continental island arcs, oceanic island arcs and volcanic islands on the continental slope. Finally, the oceanic type of crust gives rise to oceanic volcanic islands. Islands associated with continental crust tend to be distinguished by large size, ancient basement and a complex consolidated structure. With increasing remoteness from the mainland, islands tend to become smaller, simpler in geological structure and younger in rock composition. |
