我国境外无人继承文物流失的风险控制研究

我国境外无人继承文物面临流失的风险。国外法律一般规定境内无人继承的遗产归国家所有,对此,我国缺少明确的政策法规,赋予特定的主体追回境外无人继承文物的资格。此外,我国法院在受理此类案件时,会遇到管辖权、冲突规范和实体法律规定不完善等问题,难以作出有利于我国文物保护的判决。控制我国境外无人继承文物的流失风险,要求我国从原则、规则和程序等方面进行规制和完善。

Research on the risk control of the loss of our extraterritorial heirless cultural relics

Our extraterritorial heirless cultural relics are under the risk of loss. In general, a native law always stipulates that the heirless heritage within its territory should belong to the corresponding state. In China, there are no clear regulations or laws granting the ad hoe subjects rights to pursue the heirless cultural relies abroad. Besides, our courts will encounter some problems in practice, such as jurisdiction, conflicting rules and imperfection of substantive laws, in that the courts could hardly make the judgment facilitating the protection of our cultural relics. In order to control the relevant risks, we should develop related principals, rules and proce-dures.