中国"三农"问题的由来和发展

中国在改革开放过程中出现的特有的城乡关系和特有的城乡发展路径,产生了中国特有的"三农"问题的理论.这个理论的形成和运用,对于深入认识我国的基本国情、用以指导社会主义现代化建设的实践和对其他国家的问题进行研究,都是很有意义的.我国"三农"问题总的情况是农业问题已经基本上得到了解决,但农民问题和农村问题还很严重,主要根源还在于计划经济体制下所形成的一套农村、农业政策还没有得到根本转变.解决农民问题和农村问题,要继续深化农村体制改革,下决心改革户籍制度,改革现有的土地承包制度,改革现有的国民收入分配格局和乡镇现有的政权体制包括财政体制.

Origin and Development of the Agriculture-Countryside-Farmer Problem in China

It was the special urban-rural relationship and the special path of urban and rural development in the process of reforming and opening of China that gave rise to the theory concerning the agriculture-countryside-farmer problem. The formulation of this theory and its application have important significance for getting a deep understanding of the basic reality of China, directing the practice of its socialist modernization drive and studying problems of other countries. The general picture of how the agriculture-countryside-farmer problem stands currently is that the agricultural issue has been basically solved but issues related to the countryside and the farmers still remain as a serious challenge, mainly because no basic change has taken place in the whole set of policies concerning the rural areas and agriculture originally shaped under the system of planned economy. To solve the problem with regard to the farmers and the rural areas, reform of the rural structure should be deepened, the residence registration system should be resolutely modified, the current responsibility system for land use should undergo reform, the current picture of distribution of national income should be changed and the current power structure of the rural townships, including its financial mechanisms, should undergo reform.