从地理学视角看城市历史文化景观集体记忆的研究

通过对国内外文献的分析,总结了景观、记忆与地理学的研究进展,指出景观、记忆与地方认同联系密切,而且景观与记忆的研究大多与历史文化景观相关。由于集体记忆所体现出的社会性,通过物质的和象征性的城市历史文化景观,去探究其集体记忆的认知空间和情感空间更具有现实意义。文章探讨了GIS和认知地图方法在城市集体记忆研究中的应用,并对佛山城市历史文化景观的集体记忆进行了实证研究。认为在全球化、城市化趋势下,从地理学视角,透过对历史文化景观集体记忆的分析,将有助于城市历史文化遗产持续性地保护和塑造城市地方感。

A GEOGRAPHICAL STUDY ON THE COLLECTIVE MEMORY OF URBAN HISTORICAL CULTURAL LANDSCAPE

This paper based on an analysis of relevant foreign literatures summarizes the latest progress made in the fields of landscape, memory and geography and points out that landscape, memory and place identification are tightly related to each other as the objective existence of landscape forms. The paper discusses the application of GIS and cognitive map in researches on urban collective memory and suggests that as city image and cognitive map is the spatial picture of people's collective memory, GIS technology can be utilized to acquire from different groups whose collective memory of urban historical landscape and spatial characteristics have been manifested. An empirical research on urban historical cultural landscape in Foshan finds that (1) interviewees' cognitive maps vary, but most of them can depict urban space by means of uncomplicated memorization of landscapes, among which urban historical cultural landscape is assumed to be the largest portion; (2) spatial structure of the memory of urban historical cultural landscape based on cognitive map is similar to that based on picture identification, in which image of the old city area tends to be clear while the new city area blurry, reflecting a deep print made by traditional urban historical cultural landscape of Foshan on collective memory; (3) the dimensional space of history and the dimensional space of nostalgia is consistent indicating that urban historical cultural landscape can normally recall people's memory and taste. The authors contends that in the context of globalization and urbanization, a perspective from the study of geography and an analysis of the collective memory of historical cultural landscape is valuable in terms of the sustainable preservation of urban historical cultural heritage, the formation of place identity of a city as well as the development of a new direction in the study of urban cultural geography.