旅游地理视角下记忆研究的进展与启示

记忆是当前西方人文社会科学的重要研究领域,同时也是一个跨学科的概念。记忆与时间和空间密不可分,随着20世纪90年代以来"旅游潮"和"记忆转向"的兴起,记忆研究日益成为中西方旅游地理研究者的关注领域。本文通过对人文地理学中旅游相关研究中的记忆议题和研究方法的梳理,从记忆、物质景观与地方意义的感知,记忆、仪式与身份认同,以及旅游者的情感体验与地方建构三个方面进行分析,以期展现充满文化、社会、政治乃至经济内涵的记忆地理问题发展脉络及独特意义,为国内旅游地理学开拓新的研究视野。

THE PROGRESS AND ENLIGHTENMENT OF MEMORY RESEARCH FROM THE TOURISM GEOGRAPHY PERSPECTIVE

Memory, as well as an interdisciplinary concept, has already become a flourishing research field in current western humanities and social sciences academia. Since the 1990s, with the tourism boom and memory turn, tourism geographers from both China and western countries have started to pay attention to memoryrelated researches. This article reviews relevant literatures on memory in social science studies and proposes potential research suggestions to tourism studies in both Chinese and western academia. Firstly, we summarize the general situation of memory studies, including theoretical origins and contributions of different disciplines, especially the one tourism geography makes. Secondly, themes of memory studies in tourism geography have been detected, which are memories represented by physical landscape and meaning production, memory, ritual and identity, and the interplays between tourists' emotional experience and place construction. We find that memory studies in tourism context not only produce a bunch of cultural meanings, but also are conducted under plural geographical scales. Topics are covered on both international relations and national identities, and everyday practice of grassroots with meaning production. However, academia pays less attention to theory development than case studies in memory related studies in human geography research. What should be noticed is that there has not yet formed a fixed research paradigm for memory studies in tourism geography, where geographers draw lessons from other subjects like sociology and psychology. More efforts should be made to systematic research contents and diverse methods can be applied specifically in tourism researches.