我国城乡关系的定量研究——基于城乡投入产出表的视角

城乡关系是地理学研究的重要议题。本文运用城乡投入产出模型,构建了"乡村支持城镇、城镇反哺乡村"的定量模型,分析了我国1987-2012年间城乡间的经济联系。结果发现,从经济联系角度看,虽然城镇对乡村的反哺作用有了较大的提升,但总体上我国城乡关系仍处于乡村支持城镇阶段。乡村对其他服务业（如教育、医疗）的消费是导致乡村支持城镇的主要来源,且其作用有增大趋势。而城镇对农业的消费、对建筑业的投资以及纺织服装业的出口是城镇反哺乡村最主要的经济活动。因此,减轻乡村居民在其他服务业领域的支出负担,刺激城镇居民对乡村农产品的消费,保持建筑业投资力度,扩大纺织服装行业的出口水平有利于提升我国城镇反哺乡村的水平。

A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF URBAN-RURAL RELATIONSHIP IN CHINA: A PERSPECTIVE OF URBAN-RURAL INPUT-OUTPUT TABLE

The urban-rural relationship is an important topic in geography research. This paper constructs the quantitative model of "villages support cities and cities nurture rural areas" by using urban-rural inter-regional input-output model. Then the economic links between urban areas and rural areas in China 1987-2012 period are analyzed. The results show that, from the perspective of economic linkage, although the role of urban subsidies to rural areas has been greatly improved, but in general, the relationship between urban and rural areas is still in stage of ‘villages support cities’ in China. The consumption of rural areas on other service sectors (which may be mainly education, health care etc.) is the main source of villages support urban areas, and its role is in growing. The consumption of agriculture in cities, the investment in the construction industry, and the export of the textile and garment industry are the most important economic activities to make for ‘the urban nurturing villages’. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the burden of rural residents in ‘other service sectors’, to stimulate the consumption of urban residents in rural areas, to maintain investment in construction industry, to expand the export level of textile and garment industry, to promote China's cities feeding rural areas.