怒江大峡谷旅游扶贫研究

旅游扶贫是解决旅游资源丰富型地区贫困问题的有效途径。怒江峡谷区是个区域性的特困少数民族地区,山高坡陡、生态环境脆弱的地理环境决定传统的农业难以改变其贫困面貌。而其丰富的民族文化资源、生物多样性资源和独特的峡谷自然景观等旅游资源,使怒江旅游扶贫成为可能。文章分析了怒江峡谷旅游扶贫的优势、劣势资源和机遇,提出怒江旅游发展应以乡村生态旅游为目标,开发特色旅游扶贫产品,发挥政府引导和扶持作用。

A RESEARCH ON POVERTY REDUCTION THROUGH THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN NUJIANG GRAND CANYON

The region of Nujiang Grand Canyon, where ethnic minorities live, is a poverty-stricken area. Because of the geographical environment of high mountains and steep slope, a fragile ecological environment, it is difficult to change the situation of poverty through traditional agricultural industry. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a way of poverty reduction and elimination in the region of Nujiang Grand Canyon. Currently, tourism industry in this region is underdeveloped. However, the authors believe that the tourism industry will help the regional development because of the rich tourism resources of the Nujiang Grand Canyon and the characteristics of the tourism itself which is an industry of low cost and high benefit. The authors insist that pro-poor tourism (PPT) should be encouraged. PPT is not another form of tourism as most people tend to think but it is an approach that seeks to utilize tourism as strategic tool to alleviate poverty among the marginalized communities. Any form of tourism can contribute to poverty reduction. For this to happen, specific ways need to be identified in which tourism businesses as well as tourists can directly and indirectly generate benefits for the poor. In essence, PPT is an overall approach to tourism development and management aiming at unlocking opportunities for the poor to obtain benefits from tourism. There is overlap between PPT and sustainable tourism. The latter refers to tourism that leads to the management of all resources in such a way that economic, social, and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems. The main thrust is on environmental sustainability. Social benefits are just one aspect of sustainability, whereas for PPT poverty is the core focus and environmental sustainability is a means to that end. After analyze the PPT of the region of Nujiang Grand Canyon, the authors believe that this region will attract more and more tourists from home and abroad. The paper proposes that the target of tourism development is rural ecotourism in Nujiang, and special tourism products should be developed. At the same time, the government would play a guiding and supporting role.