澳门关闸的历史变迁

明朝万历二年(1574年)明朝官府兴建的关闸,位于莲花茎上,是古代澳门地区与内地交通的咽喉,具有重要的军事意义和经济意义。本文利用相关历史文献并结合中外历史地图、古旧照片资料,详细分析了明朝官府设置关闸的时间、位置和目的,明清官府对关闸的重建和修缮,关闸的建筑特色和门禁制度,以及澳门新关闸建成的时间、建筑形制及其作用的变化,从多个视角展现了澳门关闸的历史变迁过程。

Historical Changes of Kwan-Chap in Macao

Situated on Isthmus of Lotus, Kwan-Chap, literally the border gate, was built by the authorities of Ming Dynasty in 1574. As a vital passage connecting Macao and Mainland China, Kwan-Chap has significant military and economic values because of its special geographical position. Through related historical records, maps and photographs, this article makes a close analysis of the time, situation and purpose of the construction of Kwan-Chap; the reconstruction and reparation of the building; the architectural feature and entrance guard system of Kwan-Chap; the time of the inauguration, architectural characteristics, and the changes of feature of Portas do Cerco. From the above mentioned aspects, the article demonstrates the historical changing process of Kwan-Chap in Macao.