Continuity and Discontinuity in the Historical Development of Modern Psychopharmacology |
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Authors: | Alan A Baumeister Mike F Hawkins |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Psychology , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, LA, USA abaumei@lsu.edu;3. Department of Psychology , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, LA, USA |
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Abstract: | In the middle of the twentieth century psychiatry underwent a transition that is often referred to as the “psychopharmacology revolution.” Implicit in the term revolution is the idea that a paradigm shift occurred. Specifically, it has been argued that psychiatry abandoned the psychoanalytic paradigm in favor of a qualitatively distinct conceptual system based on brain chemistry. The validity of this view requires that psychoanalysis had the status of a paradigm. This paper presents evidence that psychoanalysis did not constitute a paradigm and that the advent of psychopharmacology was not, technically, a scientific revolution. Instead, the rise of modern psychopharmacology was the culmination of a linear growth of biological knowledge that began to develop in the nineteenth century. |
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Keywords: | psychopharmacology history of psychiatry history of science scientific revolution Thomas Kuhn |
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