西方古典文献学的名与实

以希腊文、拉丁文为载体的西方古典文献学,希腊文作"philologia"。在近代西方各国学界在根据各自的语言整理、研究古文献藉以溯源其共同的"古代"过程中,西方古典文献学的名称与内容在不同历史时期、不同语境中均曾发生过变化,但总体上的沿革类似于中国古典文献学或传统文献学,即由校雠而校雠学而文献学,最终被冠之以"古典的"则意在强调"希腊、拉丁的"这一属性。

The Evolution of Philologia

Philologia,the ancient Greek word,is utilized as the term to denote the study of the old texts written in Greek and Latin.In the process of modern western scholars’ collations and researches of Greek and Latin texts in their own language in order to trace their common past,its name and nature kept varying from time to time and language to language.However,the general route of its evolution is under the direction of the critical activities to the textual criticism and the textual criticism to Philologie or philology,and finally the Philologie with klassische or the philology with classical as epithet to denote its dedication to Greek and Latin authors.