深层生态旅游开发与新世外桃源建设

提出深层生态旅游开发的概念,它包括两个方面的内涵:一是应重点突出景区生态文化的挖掘展示和游客生态感知与生态体验的获取,以此来规范经营者的景区开发和游客的游览活动;二是在旅游开发过程中应重视经营者与游客、政府部门与当地居民、旅游活动与生态环境高度和谐,以达成各方利益的共赢和旅游业的可持续发展。另外,本文还对生态旅游进行了四个层次的划分,探讨了深层生态旅游和浅层生态旅游的区别,给出了深层生态旅游开发的"四体两翼"和两翼对接模式,以使生态旅游业切实有利于生态文化展示并服务于生态旅游目的地社区的可持续发展,其终极目标,是建设理想的新世外桃源。

DEEP ECOTOURISM EXPLOITATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE NEW XANADU

Ecology is a kind of relationship between biota and its surrounding environment,thus the combined word "ecotourism" requires the harmony of all factors involved in tourist activities,and it also implies culture and wisdom of nature.Based on such cognition,a notion of deep ecotourism exploitation is put forward which includes two connotations.On one hand,it should give prominence to the presentation of the eco-culture of the tourist destination and the eco-experience of the tourists;on the other hand,it implies the high harmony among the tourist entrepreneurs and the tourists,the local governments and the local residents,as well as the tourist activities and the ecological environment in the tourism exploitation for the multilateral reaps of every elements involved.The common sense is that the degrees a certain tourism destination or tourist activity would reach would differ and consequently four levels of ecotourism are divided.They are very shallow ecotourism,shallow ecotourism,deep ecotourism and very deep ecotourism.The differences between shallow ecotourism and deep ecotourism is discussed,which lie in four aspects,the concept of tourist planning and exploitation,the contradictions need to solve during the exploitation,the aim of tourism and concerning cultural ideas,and the measurement system of tourism values.To promote shallow ecotourism to deep one,two models of "four subjects and two wings" and "connecting the two wings" of deep ecotourism exploitation system are introduced.The former is to the eco-tourists and tourist entrepreneurs on both wings of the ecotourism system with the four subjects of the system as local government,local residents,tourist supporting system and the environment in between,which emphasizes on the harmony of the ecotourism system.The latter is a further analysis of the two wings and shows how to connect them.This model is to present the eco-culture and beneficial to the community of the ecotourism destination.The ultimate purpose of deep ecotourism exploitation is to build an ideal new Xanadu which derives from Tao Yuanming's thoughts,and describe a beautiful,harmonious,developed and convenient tourist destination which is far from pollution and noisy metropolis.